New cancer genes discovered "like finding gold"

New cancer genes discovered "like finding gold"

Breast cancer researchers have found three new genes linked to the the most common form of breast cancer. The breakthrough has been described as like “finding gold in Trafalgar Square” by Dr Anita Dunbier, lead author of the study.

The discovery means that scientists, from the Breakthrough Breast Cancer Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research in London, could develop new ways of diagnosing and treating the cancer which is responsible for 36,000 cases a year. One gene found causes the growth of cancerous tumours.

The study took place over five years and scientists studied 104 patients who have what is known as oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, which is to blame for 12,000 deaths a year. It is named so because oestrogen feeds and fuels tumours by attaching onto proteins on the surface of cancer cells known as receptors. Existing treatments work by cutting off the oestrogen supply.

However, tumours often become resistant to treatment, leading to the cancer to return after surgery. The discovery of these new genes means that new treatments can be developed when current ones fail.

Excitingly, new treatments could be available as soon as in the next five years.